With the rapid development of renewable energy, solar photovoltaic technology has become an important clean energy source. Among photovoltaic modules, perovskite tandem cells are an emerging technology for future cost reduction and efficiency increase, which has attracted much attention.

  There are many kinds of perovskite tandem cells, there are perovskite-perovskite stacks, perovskite-crystalline silicon stacks, and perovskite-thin film stacks, this article will introduce the advantages and disadvantages of perovskite tandem cells, and discuss the future market of perovskite tandem cells.

First, the advantages:1. High-efficiency conversion: Perovskite tandem cells have high energy conversion efficiency, and the efficiency of converting solar energy into electric energy can reach more than 30%, and it is even expected to exceed 40%.

2. Wide spectral absorption: Perovskite materials have wide bandgap characteristics and can absorb a wider spectral range, including visible light and near-infrared light, so they can still maintain high power generation efficiency under poor lighting conditions.

3. Film flexibility: Perovskite tandem batteries can use thin film preparation technology to make them flexible and bendable, suitable for application scenarios of various shapes and curved surfaces, such as building facades, car roofs, etc.

4. Low-cost preparation: the preparation process of perovskite tandem cells is simpler, and compared with traditional silicon-based solar cells, perovskite/crystalline silicon tandem is currently the most cost-effective. Simple and cheap things tend to be more successful and popular. At the same time, the perovskite-crystalline silicon two-end lamination has the advantages of both perovskite and crystalline silicon, and perovskite tandem cells are favored by the industry due to their process simplicity and efficiency potential.

Since it is cheap and efficient, why has it not been industrialized so far, let's take a look at the shortcomings of perovskite tandem cells.

Second, the disadvantages:

  1. Stability challenge: Perovskite materials are prone to degradation in long-term light and high temperature environments, resulting in degraded battery performance. At present, the stability of perovskite tandem cells is still an urgent problem to be solved.

  2. Long-term reliability: Since perovskite tandem cells are an emerging technology, their long-term reliability and durability have not been fully verified. Further research and experiments are needed to evaluate its performance in practical applications.

  3. Environmental friendliness: Perovskite materials contain toxic elements such as lead, which may cause certain pollution to the environment. Therefore, more attention and research is needed in terms of material selection and recycling.

  At present, most photovoltaic companies focus on perovskite-crystalline silicon stacks, and perovskite stacks Perc/Topcon/HJT multi-route coexistence. Photovoltaic leaders such as LONGi and Tongwei have entered the market one after another, which is expected to promote the industrialization of tandem cells. Start-up tandem cells cover all-perovskite stacks, perovskite-crystalline silicon stacks, perovskite-copper indium gallium selenide stacks and other fields, and the route wins depending on the solution of reliability and efficiency reduction.